Education: A Divine Mandate in Islam

Education holds a pivotal place in Islam, not just as a tool for acquiring worldly knowledge but as a means of attaining spiritual enlightenment, building a just society, and fostering a deeper connection with Allah. For children, education is particularly emphasized as it lays the foundation for their moral, intellectual, and spiritual development. This article explores the significance of providing the right education to children in Islam, enriched with references to the Qur’an, Hadith, and the teachings of prominent Islamic scholars.

The importance of education in Islam is deeply rooted in the Qur’an and Hadith. The very first revelation to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) underscores the significance of learning:

“Read in the name of your Lord who created. Created man from a clot. Read, and your Lord is the most Generous—Who taught by the pen—Taught man that which he knew not.”
(Surah Al-Alaq, 96:1-5)

This revelation not only highlights the value of acquiring knowledge but also connects it directly to the worship and recognition of Allah. By instilling education in children, parents fulfill their duty of guiding them toward understanding their Creator and living a righteous life.

The Dual Aspects of Education in Islam

Islam advocates for a balanced approach to education, emphasizing both religious and worldly knowledge.

1. Religious Education
   The core purpose of religious education is to cultivate a strong moral compass and a clear understanding of Islamic principles. Children must learn about the oneness of Allah (Tawheed), the pillars of Islam, and the significance of prayer, fasting, and charity.

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:

“The seeking of knowledge is an obligation upon every Muslim.”
(Sunan Ibn Majah, 224)

This obligation begins in childhood, as parents and guardians are entrusted with the task of teaching their children about their faith and responsibilities as Muslims.

2. Worldly Education
   Islam does not restrict education to religious matters alone. Pursuing knowledge that benefits humanity—such as science, medicine, engineering, and literature—is also encouraged. This is evident from the Prophet’s saying:

“The best of people are those who bring the most benefit to others.”
(Sunan Al-Kubra, 12820)

By ensuring children receive a well-rounded education, parents empower them to contribute meaningfully to society.

Parental Responsibility in Educating Children

Parents hold a primary role in ensuring their children receive the right education. This responsibility is a trust (Amanah) that Allah has placed upon them.

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:

“Each of you is a shepherd, and each of you is responsible for his flock. A man is a shepherd of his family, and he is responsible for them.”
(Sahih al-Bukhari, 893)

The “flock” includes children, and their upbringing must align with Islamic values. This entails teaching them:

• The Qur’an and Sunnah: Introducing children to the teachings of the Qur’an and the life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) helps them understand their faith deeply.
• Ethics and Morals: Educating children about honesty, kindness, humility, and patience fosters a strong character.
• Life Skills: Preparing children for practical life challenges is essential. For instance, teaching them financial literacy, critical thinking, and effective communication is highly valuable.

Early Childhood Education in Islam

Islam places great emphasis on the early years of a child’s life as a critical phase for learning. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) advised parents to prioritize the education and discipline of their children from a young age:

“Play with your child for the first seven years, discipline them for the next seven years, and befriend them for the seven years (after that).”
*(Imam Ghazali in Ihya Ulum al-Din)

The first phase of play nurtures creativity and curiosity, while the second phase of discipline instills values, respect, and responsibility. The final phase of friendship strengthens trust and fosters open communication between parents and children.

The Role of the Teacher in Islamic Education

In Islam, teachers are regarded as noble facilitators of knowledge, entrusted with the profound responsibility of shaping the intellectual, moral, and spiritual fabric of future generations. The role of a teacher extends beyond mere instruction; they serve as mentors, guides, and role models, influencing not only what children learn but also how they perceive and interact with the world. In a society where knowledge is considered a sacred trust, the position of a teacher is elevated to one of the highest ranks.

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) himself was a teacher and exemplified the ideal qualities of an educator. Through his words and actions, he imparted wisdom, nurtured character, and guided people toward a path of righteousness and enlightenment. He approached teaching with compassion, understanding the unique needs and capacities of each individual. His method of teaching was rooted in love, patience, and empathy, making his lessons deeply impactful and transformative.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) highlighted the immense spiritual rewards associated with teaching, stating:

“Allah, His angels, the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth, and even the ant in its hole and the fish in the sea pray for the one who teaches people good.”
(Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 2685)

This profound Hadith emphasizes that the act of teaching is not just a worldly responsibility but a deed that resonates throughout creation, earning the prayers and blessings of all beings. Teachers who impart beneficial knowledge contribute to the betterment of humanity and earn an ongoing legacy of rewards.

Islamic teachings urge educators to approach their roles with sincerity and integrity, ensuring they instill values that inspire their students to serve Allah and contribute positively to society. By embodying these principles, teachers fulfill their role as torchbearers of knowledge, illuminating the path for future generations.

A good teacher understand that he has been chosen for the noble cause and he must:

1. Instill Faith: Strengthening Belief in Allah

One of the primary duties of a teacher in Islam is to help children develop a firm belief in Allah and an understanding of their purpose in life. This entails teaching the basic tenets of Islam, including Tawheed (the oneness of Allah), the significance of the Qur’an, and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him).

A teacher can encourage students to reflect on Allah’s creation, such as the intricate design of nature, to develop their awareness of His power and wisdom. For instance, during a science lesson, a teacher might explain how the water cycle demonstrates Allah’s mercy and sustenance, connecting scientific concepts with the Qur’anic verse:

“And We sent down water from the sky according to [due] measure, and We caused it to settle in the earth, and We are able to take it away.”
(Surah Al-Mu’minun, 23:18)

By integrating faith into daily lessons, teachers help children develop a sense of accountability and gratitude toward their Creator.

2. Encourage Inquiry: Fostering a Love for Knowledge

Islam celebrates intellectual inquiry and the pursuit of knowledge as acts of worship. Teachers must create an environment where students feel confident to ask questions, express curiosity, and seek answers. This encourages critical thinking and helps students grow intellectually and spiritually.

 The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) himself encouraged questions and patiently answered them. When a young companion asked, “What is the most beloved deed to Allah?” the Prophet responded thoughtfully, tailoring his answer to the individual’s capacity and situation.

Similarly, teachers today can inspire inquiry by welcoming students’ questions and guiding them toward understanding. For instance, during an Islamic studies class, a student might ask why Muslims pray five times a day. Instead of dismissing the question, the teacher could explain the spiritual and physical benefits of Salah, connecting the discussion to Qur’anic verses and Hadith.

3. Model Good Behavior: Teaching by Example

Children are naturally observant and often learn more from a teacher’s actions than from their words. In Islam, a teacher’s character is as important as their knowledge. Demonstrating integrity, patience, kindness, and humility sets a powerful example for students to emulate.

 The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) was known for his exemplary character, even in moments of challenge. Once, a Bedouin pulled him roughly by his cloak and made a demanding request. Instead of reacting harshly, the Prophet responded with patience and kindness, fulfilling the man’s need and teaching those around him about mercy and tolerance.

Teachers today can follow this example by treating their students with respect and fairness. For instance, if a student struggles to understand a concept, the teacher can demonstrate patience and provide encouragement rather than showing frustration. Such behavior instills confidence in children and motivates them to adopt similar traits.

Verses and Hadith Supporting Education

Several Qur’anic verses and Hadith directly highlight the importance of acquiring and imparting knowledge:

1. Qur’anic Verses:
   • “Say, ‘Are those who know equal to those who do not know?’”
     (Surah Az-Zumar, 39:9)
   • “And say, ‘My Lord, increase me in knowledge.’”
     (Surah Taha, 20:114)
   • “Indeed, Allah will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees.”
     (Surah Al-Mujadila, 58:11)
2. Hadith:
   • The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said:
     “He who travels a path in search of knowledge, Allah will make easy for him a path to Paradise.”
     (Sahih Muslim, 2699)
   • “The world and whatever is in it are cursed, except for the remembrance of Allah, what facilitates it, the knowledgeable and the learner.”
     (Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 2322)

Practical Steps to Provide the Right Education

To ensure children receive a balanced and meaningful education, the following steps can be adopted:

1. Begin with the Qur’an: Introduce children to the Qur’an and its teachings from an early age. Enroll them in Qur’anic classes or teach them at home.
2. Teach by Example: Children learn significantly from observing their parents. Demonstrating good character and a thirst for knowledge encourages children to emulate the same.
3. Balance Religious and Secular Studies: Encourage children to excel in both Islamic studies and modern sciences to prepare them for diverse roles in society.
4. Encourage Critical Thinking: Islam celebrates intellectual inquiry. Teach children to ask questions, analyze, and reflect on what they learn.
5. Foster a Love for Learning: Use engaging methods, such as storytelling, interactive sessions, and technology, to make learning enjoyable.

Despite Islam’s emphasis on education, contemporary challenges, such as digital distractions, cultural misconceptions, and lack of access to quality schools, hinder the proper education of children. Parents and educators must work collaboratively to overcome these challenges by:

• Limiting screen time and promoting healthy, educational activities.
• Countering cultural biases that may discourage education, especially for girls.
• Ensuring access to schools that provide Islamic as well as modern education.

Providing the right education to children is one of the greatest responsibilities of parents and communities in Islam. It not only shapes their individual destinies but also contributes to the betterment of society at large. By grounding children in the Qur’an, Sunnah, and contemporary knowledge, we prepare them to lead lives that are pleasing to Allah and beneficial to humanity.

As the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) wisely stated:

“When a person dies, their deeds come to an end except for three: ongoing charity, beneficial knowledge, or a righteous child who prays for them.”
(Sahih Muslim, 1631)

Educating our children is, therefore, a continuous act of worship that ensures blessings for both parents and society, leaving behind a legacy of goodness and righteousness for generations to come.